How is scaled distance (Ds) calculated?

Scaled distance (Ds) is calculated using the formula that involves the actual distance from the explosive and the square root of the weight of explosive used. Specifically, it is the actual distance divided by the square root of the weight of the explosive. This calculation helps in assessing the potential impact of seismic waves generated from blasts, allowing for safer and more effective blast designs.

Using the square root of the explosive weight moderates the influence of larger charges, reflecting the nonlinear nature of blast wave propagation in relation to distance. By applying this formula, it becomes easier to predict the effects of the explosion on surrounding structures and individuals while adhering to safety regulations and practices in blasting operations.

Other methods for calculating scaled distance either misinterpret the relationship between distance and explosive weight or do not address the foundational principles of shock wave propagation. Therefore, the approach defined in the correct choice is both scientifically sound and practically significant in the field of blasting and surface mining.