Which of the following is involved in maintaining safety during surface coal mining?

The option that emphasizes knowledge of surface mining theory and practices is crucial for maintaining safety during surface coal mining operations. This knowledge encompasses understanding the geology, equipment, environmental conditions, and operational procedures specific to surface mining. Safety protocols are deeply rooted in this foundational understanding, as it enables workers to anticipate hazards, implement safety measures, and respond appropriately to potential risks.

Having a comprehensive grasp of mining practices helps ensure that employees are aware of the safest methods to extract coal while minimizing dangers to themselves and their coworkers. It informs decision-making on-site and contributes to developing effective safety plans and emergency responses. Proper training in surface mining practices not only increases individual and crew safety but also fosters a culture of safety within the overall operation, underpinning all aspects of mining work.

While other factors like equipment maintenance and cost monitoring are important, they don't directly relate to the foundational understanding of safety principles integral to mining operations.